What is concrete primarily composed of?

Concrete is primarily composed of Portland cement, water, sand (fine aggregates), and rocks (coarse aggregates). The Portland cement acts as a binding agent that, when mixed with water, forms a paste that coats the aggregate particles, allowing them to adhere together as they set and harden. This combination creates a strong and durable material used extensively in construction.

The inclusion of sand and rocks is essential because they provide bulk and structural strength to the concrete, contributing to its load-bearing capabilities. Additionally, the proportions of these components can significantly influence the properties of the final product, such as its strength, durability, and workability, making this composition fundamental to understanding concrete as a construction material.